Strukturaufklärung, Bauprinzipien und Synthese kristalliner Materialien in zwei und drei Dimensionen

What it is about

You will learn how crystalline materials are structurally elucidated and grown in two and three dimensions. The module conveys fundamentals of crystallography, diffraction and symmetry as well as methods for crystal growth and synthesis of new organic crystals. At the end you will be able to determine crystal systems and space groups, interpret diffraction data and classify basic crystal growth procedures.

What you will be able to do

• Understand crystal systems on the basis of lattice-compatible symmetries
• Identify and apply simple and coupled symmetry operations in 2D and 3D
• Determine point groups / crystal classes of individual objects in 2D and 3D
• Determine space groups of periodic structures in 2D
• Follow descriptions of 3D space groups in the International Tables
• Derive Laue equations and Bragg equation
• Calculate reciprocal lattice vectors and understand their physical meaning
• Calculate and interpret structure factors for given structures
• Survey factors influencing observable reflection intensities
• Derive conditions for systematic absences
• Evaluate powder diffraction patterns with extinction rules
• Assess the appearance of reflections using the Ewald construction and construct diffraction angles
• Understand general solution strategies for the phase problem
• Understand differences between X-ray, neutron and electron diffraction
• Assess the role of nucleation and growth processes in crystal growth
• Classify and describe the most important crystal growth methods

What the module consists of

• VorlesungTheoretical foundations, derivations and examples
• Übungsaufgaben / SelbststudiumComplementing the lecture with exercises, research and literature study

Teaching method

• Vortrag und Ableitung physikalischer GrundlagenExplanation of the theory with references to original works for deeper study
• Anschauliche Beispiele und makroskopische AnschauungsmaterialienIllustration of effects and phenomena (minerals, model constructions, etc.)
• Interaktive DiskussionPromotion of understanding through exchange between instructors and students
• Übungsaufgaben zur SelbstarbeitConsolidation of content through independent work and research